identify four sources of conflict in ghana

You can remember this by the 'e' in 'inter-' and 'external.' Interpersonal conflict can be seen any time two people disagree on a topic. Answer one question only from this section, 1. An analysis of inter-ethnic conflicts in Northern Region reveals a pattern of struggle for paramountcy and autonomy. 0000018306 00000 n (i) Helps to manage ones finances and avoid over- spending Whereas this major divide has never generated conflict in Ghana, it is possible to identify different categories of continuous conflict, some of it violent. 4. Subscribe to get notifications for all updates. source of worry. How to identify conflicts in the workplace. I came with an open mind and am here to learn anything that can help make me a better leader.. The last approach is to avoid the conflict entirely. Ghanas Development Finance Institutions: Review of Current Status and Principles for Reform, World Bank: Washington, D. C. Available At: https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/ [Last Accessed: 30 January 2019]. Available At: https://www.jstor.org/ [Last Accessed: 30 January 2019]. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. Answer three questions only, choosing one question from each section. (a) (b) Give four reasons for saving Outline four avenues for saving 6. from different sources: illegal land transfer, institutions and individual vested interest on land, squatting on communal lands, inheritance procedure awareness, and . (ii) Creation of slums There are four basic types: inter/intrapersonal and inter/intragroup. Remembering that the prefix 'intra-' means originating internally, you can see that intrapersonal conflict is when you feel conflicted about your own thoughts or actions. The process of land reform has become highly politicised to the extent that it is threatening to derail the countrys economic development. Competition of this nature often creates conflict. %%EOF The belief that certain animals must not be killed Others include peace as gaia (balance in and with the ecosphere), inner peace (spiritual peace) and as wholeness (making whole). The military-civilian government ushered in after the 1966 coup used inflation targeting as a fiscal measure to normalise markets[7]. [9] UNDP 2019. M. Sheehan, M. (2008) 'The Changing Character of War' in J. Baylis (ed.) Hi Yvette-thanks for your comment (and reblog!) There reflection can be based on the following questions: 11 chapters | (iii) Social security schemes The development team may feel like they can benefit from the dollars by making more products to sell. Land Ownership and control of land are another major source of ethnic conflicts in the Northern Region. It isn't just the two candidates in conflict, but individuals who strongly identify with one or the other may be involved in the clash of ideas and ideology. This type of conflict happens constantly during any heated political campaign. Personality conflicts, irritating as they may be, dont actually qualify as an organizational source of conflict. While intrapersonal conflict can be difficult, its resolution results in a stronger understanding of yourself. (iii) They help to uphold law and order Again, politics can offer great examples of intragroup conflict when candidates from each party conflict with each other over policies. The prefix intra- relates to internal origination. As a class, review the first current events source. Others are layered with minefields of complexity. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. Main Sources of Conflict Following are the main sources of conflict. The history of conflict and political instability in Ghana reveals that for a time political turmoil was the order of the day. This has led to a minor deterioration in gross official foreign Economic growth globally continues to be subdued. 3, pp. A conflict of interest is a very common type of conflict that arises due to differences in opinion, views, and positions. The R&D team might come up with something fantastic, featuring loads of bells and whistles that the consumer will put to excellent use. Although Nkrumahs vision was to develop Ghana into an industrial power, his leadership style precipitated economic crisis that ultimately saw his regime deposed by military coup in 1966[1]. If there aren't enough material and supplies for every worker, then those who do get resources and those who don't are likely to experience conflict. (I) Individual Level Conflict: Management should keep in mind that all individuals have conflict within themselves. There are several common causes of conflict at work, but most are categorised by who in the workplace is involved. Conflict is simply differing ideas or actions, often related to the selfish pursuit of needs (known and unknown) that end in a state of unrest. This study seeks to establish the main explanation for the conflict; identify and evaluate the main actors and policies aimed at resolving the crisis; identify all stakeholders in the conflict and . Maria has taught University level psychology and mathematics courses for over 20 years. Ghana: Ex Post Assessment of Longer-Term Program Engagement, International Monetary Fund: Washington, D. C. Available At: https://www.imf.org/ [Last Accessed: 30 January 2019]. Organizational sources of conflict occur when departments are differentiated in their goals. Such requirements are included to safeguard against unwarranted military appraisal and to prevent dictatorships from emerging. 3477 0 obj<>stream ; Interpersonal - this is conflict between two or more individuals; it may be an isolated . this paper analyses some of the most critical causes of conflict in the society. You want the difference of opinion to possibly identify new and different ways of doing things but you have to be prepared to deal with the conflict that occurs when passionate, committed people come together to solve a problem or address an issue. It will take only 2 minutes to fill in. 15, pp. Power conflict occurs when the groups involved intends to maximisetheir influence in the social setting or in an organisation. (a) Reasons for the establishment of state owned enterprises in Ghana (v) Insufficient funds / capital Many SOEs do not have the needed funds to operate at optimum (best / highest) levels. These states were viewed as a significant threat to regional and global stability. monster simulator games; lantern by sofi phone number I feel like its a lifeline. Parallel conflicts are increasing within the current political climate. This observation calls for an urgent examination of potential dangers of another inter ethnic and intra ethnic conflict. Of all the ethnic groups, the Ashanti were known for the numerous wars they fought when Ghana was called the Gold Coast (British Colony). [any four] (b) Problems facing State Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in Ghana (a) Reasons for saving There have been conflicts such as the Konkomba-Nanumba conflict,[when?] (iii) The Alan Burns Constitution was not favourable, because it did not offer enough opportunity (seats) for local (Ghanaian) participation in the legislative and executive councils. However, the president is required to seek parliamentary approval before making any appointments[12]. There is enough evidence to suggest that all ethnic groups that were involved in the major conflict in 1994 are stock piling arms to be used in the event of another ethnic war. Theyve been told that management likes it, and that they need to build it by the most economical means possible. Resources 2. For instance, the research and development team at an electronics company might be instructed to come up with the best new, pie-in-the-sky idea for individual-use electronicsthat thing consumers didnt know they needed. Outline four avenues for saving. Finally, change - of any kind - is conflict. (vii) Helps one to be seen as financially reliable and responsible (good reputation) Conflict can also be seen as antagonism between individuals or groups in society. The team needs to acknowledge the source of conflict and work on . Hn@s lfB* Those sources are. We have varied personalities which usually results to incompatible choices and opinions. enterprises. We see it in toddlers when they fight over a single toy and when adults argue over politics. (ii) Disruption of social activities 0000019849 00000 n Conflict results over resource scarcity. The United States (US) government is to partner with Ghana to avert violent extremism and other forms of conflicts and vulnerabilities that threaten the country's stability. 5 Violent conflicts in Ghana: four cases 29 5.1 The Konkomba conflicts 29 5.1.1 . In order to avoid future coups, the 1992 Constitution affirms the parliament as the only authority that can evoke military action. (iv) They support the preservation of the environment Different Stakeholder Interests: Every project will have several stakeholders - customers, vendors, management, project management team, external contractors, government, etc. Change. (iii) Suspicion and intolerance among individuals and groups The belief that one must not work on ones farm on certain days Global Academic Society Journal: Social Science Insight, Vol. In Ghana, one wakes up every day to news of violent clashes between local farmers and Fulani herders, as seen in headlines such as "Two farmers shot dead by Fulani in Agogo" Footnote 1 and "Two killed as Fulanis clash with residents in Sekyere Odumasi." Footnote 2 These headlines are widely disseminated throughout the country, and estimates put the number of people killed . The belief that one must not whistle while taking a bath [any five], 3. The Kingdom of eSwatini is a small, landlocked Southern African country bordered by the Republic of Mozambique to the east and surrounded by the Republic of South Africa. Strikes are a temporary cessation of work by a group of employees in order to express grievances or to enforce a demand concerning changes in work conditions. (xii) Provision of more/ better social amenities in rural areas Some are relatively straightforward, such as painting a wall, articulating the benefits of a product or following a documented procedure. One of the early theorists on conflict, Daniel Katz (1965), created a typology that distinguishes three main sources of conflict: economic, value, and power. 2. When a conflict occurs, people either lose their sense of security or actually become insecure. 5, No. Analysts who consider identities such as ethnicity to be primordial are correct in that identities are not simple to assume and discard. How Entrepreneurs Can Profit from Proceeding with Education, Here Are Top 5 Reasons Getting a Graduate Education Online Benefits Your Home Business, What We Need More in Education: Genuine Qualities, Step by step instructions to Proceed Your Education Online: Tools, Applications, and Tricks of the trade to Attempt. Finally, have students write a short (about one paragraph) reflection about conflict in the world today. 3. (vi) Increase in criminal activities (vii) Increased unemployment rate (viii) Reduced economic productivity All rights reserved. About Ghana, on the United Nations Development Programme Website, viewed on 10 October 2018, from http://www.gh.undp.org/. All Rights Reserved. 0000018085 00000 n One shift picks up where another leaves off. (i) Banks (saving account, current account, treasury bill, etc) (ii) Savings and loans companies Task-Sharing and Peace Operations : the role of the Organisation Internationale La Francophonie , International Peacekeeping, 19, 3, 2012, pp. Quite a number of rural folks migrate to the urban areas without even knowing what awaits arrested and being sent to prison, etc. M. Simmons and P. Dixon (2006), Peace by Piece, Addressing Sudan's Conflicts, London, Concordis. If completed in a group setting, have students talk about what they determined for each article and have them explain their reasoning. As resources dwindle and an organization has to make do with less, departments will compete to get those resources. (ix) High prices of essential commodities, which was caused by general shortage (v) Displacements of persons The disconnect between your words and actions may cause internal turmoil. vices, etc. 0000005545 00000 n (v) Rapid development of the economy Thus, as one might expect given the theme a this point, politics as a social system conflicts in the same way that all the above systems do. Wed like to set additional cookies to understand how you use GOV.UK, remember your settings and improve government services. Conflicts happen when employees have to compete for managerial support, tools and equipment, or finances. GDP per Capita (USD), on the World Bank Website, viewed on 24 November 2018, from https://data.worldbank.org/. Identities, Inequalities and Conflicts in Ghana. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. Intragroup power struggles occur when one person attempts to seize control from another person (like when a CEO is replaced by the board of directors). Lock-outs. An error occurred trying to load this video. Over 2,000 couples in five diverse cultures were studied. - Definition, Benefits, Importance & Examples, The Advice & Consent Clause in the U.S. Senate, What is Senatorial Courtesy? 301-315. 0 In our new study, we used two protracted chieftaincy conflicts in northern Ghana ( Bawku and Bimbilla) to. [13] RW 2000. What is a specific task (under the umbrella of that source) you can target as a leader in an effort to accelerate the development of those involved. The word "enactment", does not mean the same thing as the "Act." 1. Because we have different likes and dislikes, enjoy different things, and view the world from different perspectives, interpersonal conflicts are bound to happen. It should come as no surprise that many conflicts stem from the lack of clear communication. Conflicts cause a general decline in the economy. For instance, if budgets are slim, the marketing department may feel like they can make the most of those dollars by earning new customers. The Bank of Ghana has, further, adopted monetary policy that is more transparent and accessible to the lay person[10]. endstream endobj 3501 0 obj<>/W[1 1 1]/Type/XRef/Index[202 3273]>>stream The problem is determining the source to identify whether this is a healthy conflict for the team or a symptom of a hidden problem that needs to be uncovered. These efforts have seen growth and development within the country. Today, these twin factors constitute a major cause of violent conflicts and civil strife in West Africa. Each, however, seems to be couched in a different theoretical position .Political economists such as Collier tend to investigate motives and opportunities; political scientists such as Nathan . Uncertainty makes it difficult for managers to set clear directions, and lack of clear direction leads to conflict. Date of Independence: March 6, 1957. PESA may also use the information you have provided for internal record-keeping or other business requirements. One of the main causes of conflict between Konkomba and other ethnic groups such as the Dagomba, Nanumba and Gonja is the struggle for paramountcy and autonomy. Describe four measures that can be adopted to reduce rural-urban migration, 2. 1960, Ghana has had three other Constitutions. (i) They help to facilitate safety of the community The country is rich with mineral Lesotho's exports have grown consistently during the period from 2015 to 2018 even though the merchandise trade balance has not improve significantly. Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. Largest Ethnic Group: Akan. Conflicts in Nigeria, Guinea-Bissau, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Cte . Dont worry we wont send you spam or share your email address with anyone. (PDF) Effects of conflicts on local development in Ghana Effects of conflicts on local development in Ghana Authors: Desmond Gagakuma Kwame Nkrumah University Of Science and Technology. For example, two coworkers may disagree about the best way to complete a task. (a) Sources of conflicts in Ghana Agriculture is the main source of livelihood in many rural communities. Sources of Conflict: Early reviews in the field of conflict resolution identified a large number of schemes for describing sources or types of conflict (Fink, 1968; Mack & Snyder, 1958). For instance, a communication department is charged with putting together speaking points that help their front-line employees deal with customer questions. Follow us on some of your favourite social media. Organizational These includes inter-ethnic conflicts, mostly centred on control over land and other resources and sovereignty issues; intra ethnic conflicts around land ownership, competing uses of land and the siting of institutions and services, but mostly about chieftaincy succession; and conflicts between state institutions, such as the police and communities, over policing and law and order issues arising from communal conflicts and inter-personal disputes. The manufacturing team disagrees with research and development. The analysis is based on a qualitative historical analysis of four case studies on the northern Ghana conflicts. They therefore use various kinds of weapons which kill people, cause serious injuries or destroy property. Conflicts over land ownership in North Gondar. The UN began a process of reform, searching for ways in which the organisation could be adapted to meet the realities of this changing international environment. Conflict occurs when different ideas or actions cause disagreement or lead to unrest. A Critique of the Africanisation of the South Pacific Thesis, The Role of the Natural Resource Curse in Preventing Development in Politically Unstable Countries: Case Studies of Angola and Bolivia, Forced Migration and Armed Conflict: Refugee-Warriors in Guinea (2006), Negotiation and Mediation of violent Conflicts: A case study of Burundi and Kenya, Coup Risk Counterbalancing International Conflict, External Stakeholder Impacts on Official and Non-Official Third-Party Interventions to Resolve Malignant Conflicts: The case of a failed intervention in Cyprus, The path to secession in Africa: the case of Sudan and Nigeria, Regionalization of Conflict in South Sudan, Analysis of effectiveness of AU in the resolution of conflicts in Africa, Understanding obstacles to peace : actors, interests, and strategies in Africa's Great Lakes region. A number of studies have emphasized the broad disparity between the North and the South of the country in terms of levels of economic development and the general quality of life resulting in the relative backwardness of Northern Ghana in relation to Southern Ghana. Identify four sources of conflicts in Ghana, (b) Explain four effects of conflicts in Ghana, (b) The more careless ones then abuse the rights of the others. Political intolerance between the two major political parties, the New Patriotic Party and National Democratic Congress, is a constant feature[14]. 0000003278 00000 n ffNn5z O8=I Af*oUY9r3gyr3+_#Pqq`@&l=Q,l0 4L*n d&(6Hf L@fjD:ClwV| !j20 a8!l6d WA@,3F`03)e40 [JJP9cD`4 L THE ENGLISH COMMON LAW The origins of English Common Law could be traced from AD 1066 when William the Conqueror was crowned English King. News stories, speeches, letters and notices, Reports, analysis and official statistics, Data, Freedom of Information releases and corporate reports. A glaring pattern of inequality in Ghana manifests itself in the North-South dichotomy in development. Over the next 26 years, Ghana experienced four more successful military coups as well as two failed attempts, with the last coup attempt staged in 1983[2]. This is commendable for several reasons: transparency promotes accountability and facilitates sound communication as it is manifested in the enjoyed media freedom without major restrictions[11]. Bringing people together with different opinions is a double-edge sword. [1] Fischer, H. 2016. In the second half of FY2016 and after having been hard hit by lower global oil prices, Angola announced its FY2017 national budget of an estimated USD 44.22 billion. "From 1806 until 1896, the Ashanti Kingdom was in a perpetual state of war involving expansion or defense of its domain". Use code DiSC20 to save 20% on an upcoming Leading With DiSC workshop bundle. %PDF-1.4 % Identify four sources of conflicts in Ghana (b) Explain four effects of conflicts in Ghana SECTION III SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Answer one question only from this section 5. Let's look at examples of this type of conflict. 3.2 Lack of Resources. Your information will be subjected to the PESA Privacy Policy and Terms of Use and other related laws and regulations. (x) Creation of more job opportunities in the rural areas [any two], (b) Effects of superstitious beliefs on a community, Positive Effects Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. Have students explain their reasoning. (vi) Susu companies Then, have students find the source of the conflict. When people within a single group have discord with each other, it's referred to as intragroup conflict. They conquered many lands because they possessed more power than other ethnic groups mainly because of their number and the vastness of their empire. 3 Sources and Causes of Conflicts in an Organization. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 84,000 In addition, Ghana is the first African country to achieve Millennium Development Goal 1, which is pursuant of the objective of a state reducing by half the abject poverty of its citizens[9]. > Identify the source of conflict comprise most of work ethic, rule adherence,,., turn away from the viewpoint of your other team members information create misunderstanding among the people team environment ''. Contents 1 Modern times 1.1 Dagbon 1.2 Denkyira 1.3 Ashanti Empire 1.4 Colony of the Gold Coast 1.5 Republic of Ghana 2 See also Modern times [ edit] Dagbon [ edit] 1896 Battle of Adibo Denkyira [ edit] 1588-1654 [ [Dut Ashanti Empire [ edit] The paper is an account of the emergence of particular identities and . This article throws light on the four important levels of conflicts in organisation, i.e (1) Individual Level Conflict, (2) Interpersonal Conflict, (3) Group Level Conflict, and (4) Organisation Level Conflict. If you could advise world leaders on reducing conflict, what would you say. They also learned that the language of leadership is dependent upon the thoughtful consideration of the leader. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. To help us improve GOV.UK, wed like to know more about your visit today. Answer one question only from this section. Nigerian exports have grown consistently during the period from 2015 to 2018. (a) (i) Superstition An organizations reward system can be a source of conflict, particularly if the organization sets up a win-lose environment for employee rewards. (vi) Religious beliefs O. Ramsbotham, T. Woodhouse, Hugh Miall (2009) Contemporary Conflict Resolution: The prevention, management and transformation of deadly conflicts, Cambridge, Polity Press. The states in question were commonly among the poorest in the world, and many were considered to be failed states, having lost the ability to maintain order or advance their own socio-economic development. (a) (b) Give four reasons for the establishment of state owned enterprises in Ghana . Of all the ethnic groups, the Ashanti were known for the numerous wars they fought when Ghana was called the Gold Coast (British Colony). 0000000016 00000 n Why do you think this is? - Theories & Examples, The Motivational Cycle: Definition, Stages & Examples, Acquired Needs Theory: Need for Achievement, Power & Affiliation, Exploratory Behavior & Curiosity: Psychology & Relationship, Emotions in Psychology: Definition, Biological Components & Survival, Theories of Emotion: James-Lange, Cannon-Bard, Two-Factor & Facial Feedback Hypothesis, James-Lange & Cannon-Bard Theories of Emotion, Effects of Motivation & Emotion on Perception, Cognition & Behavior, UExcel Introduction to Sociology: Study Guide & Test Prep, DSST Human Cultural Geography: Study Guide & Test Prep, Introduction to Human Geography: Certificate Program, Foundations of Education: Certificate Program, NY Regents Exam - Global History and Geography: Help and Review, NY Regents Exam - US History and Government: Help and Review, NY Regents Exam - Global History and Geography: Tutoring Solution, Abnormal Psychology: Homework Help Resource, CLEP American Government: Study Guide & Test Prep, Introduction to American Government: Certificate Program, Introduction to Counseling: Certificate Program, DSST Fundamentals of Counseling: Study Guide & Test Prep, Psychology 103: Human Growth and Development, Man vs. Society Conflict: Definition & Examples, What is External Conflict in Literature? Another might not know exactly how to express himself and ends up using words that they don't really mean. Serious conflicts / intense fighting can lead to injuries, loss of lives and property of inhabitants and state. trailer (b) Effects of conflicts in Ghana Goal incompatibility and differentiation is a fairly common occurrence. It is a necessary and permanent part of life. Although such conflicts are in general similar to other conflicts that arise in the sub-region, it can be generally concluded, though not substantiated in this study, that the conflicts in Ghana have generally been on a relatively lower scale than those of her neighbours, perhaps, accounting for the relative peace and stability in Ghana. This was a key theme in the early history of Ghana's independence. 6. Discover sources of the four main types of conflict: interpersonal, intrapersonal, intergroup, and intragroup. [any four]. Unemployment refers to the share of the labour force without work but are available for and seeking employment. This study critically analyzed the types and sources of conflict at four levels: intra-personal, inter-personal, intra-group, and inter-group; with relation to different organizational phenomena. Sources of Conflict, Conflict Resolution and Impact on Project Performance Group No:2,Div-B. (vii) Money /Savings box (vii) Employment difficulties for school leavers Ghana ranks 43rd in the World Peace Index. Main social problems in Ghana in 2022. For the military, poor economic performance was a clear indicator of mismanagement and ineffective governance[4]. 0000006706 00000 n info@africaportal.org, Institute of Economic Affairs (IEA Ghana), View highlights from our past newsletters. 36, No. Following the coup of 1972, inflation increased over the course of 8 years from 20.0% to over 100.0%, tipping the economy into hyperinflation. Eg, if there is conflict between mother and father at home, the children may become scared and tensed, and therefore cannot go about their duties or socialize in the normal way. The overwhelming majority of the participants currently attending our programs arrive with a preset agenda that reflects their work-related priorities. APPLICATION CHALLENGE Identify a recurring conflict between key members of your team. <]>> 0000002190 00000 n Ghanas Kwame Nkrumah: Visionary, Authoritarian Ruler and National Hero, on the Deutsche Welle Website, viewed on 23 November 2018, from https://www.dw.com/. Conflict arises. Conflicts over costs and budgets. (ii) make recommendations to the colonial administration on how to prevent future occurrences, (b) Reasons for the 1948 riots This is because businesses and other service providers may be forced to shut down / suspend / significantly reduce their services, thereby lowering the per capita income. snake discovery emily, why do animals face east when they die, carotid artery embalming, j peters early bird menu, brumbies 1996 squad, canton express menu augusta maine, what sections are club level at raymond james stadium, patrick rothfuss doors of stone, coup de vent 5 lettres, cancel parallels subscription, porque la tribu de dan no aparece en apocalipsis, how many cups in a head of cabbage, william wee gee'' howard funeral, will baking soda neutralize hydrofluoric acid, why was nazareth despised,

Chronic Cholecystitis Differential Diagnosis, Fannie Mae Heating Source Requirements, Marella Discovery Aft Cabins, My Five Wives Paulie Miserable, Lhomme Parfait Philosophie, Was Ralph Waite On Gunsmoke, Used Double Wide Mobile Homes For Sale In Texas, What Happened To Dwaine Edgar Baseball Career,